Compétitivité-coûts et hors-coûts de la manufacture chinoise: comparaison internationale
نویسنده
چکیده
This paper joins the debate of why Chinese manufacturing has experienced a significant catch-up. We estimate the cost and non-cost competitiveness of China and other 12 countries‟ manufacturing between 1970-2008 in three steps: firstly providing an overview of the method to analyzing competitiveness, secondly identifying factors that affect it, at last carrying out empirical studies. At outset, Chinese commercial performance was gradually enhanced with a sharp decline of labor cost. Lower labor remuneration, depreciated currency and improved productivity are main favorable factors. However, its labor compensations have increased since 1990s, thus China lost cost advantages, especially compared with Thailand and India. Its export has started to rely more on non-cost competitiveness. According to the econometric results, cost competitiveness had significant impacts on trade performance of developing countries and also developed ones. In non-cost terms, China and other emerging economies were still disadvantageous. Most industrialized countries, except for Japan and Germany, were handicapped too. JEL Classification: F14, F16, J30, L60, O47
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